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The AppConnsTest monitors the TCP connections for specified ports on a target host. This test is particularly useful while monitoring multi-tier infrastructures, where the challenge is to zero-in on the bottleneck tier in the event of an infrastructure-wide slowdown. By monitoring the connections established to each tier it is possible to determine which tier is causing a slow-down. For example, cosnider a multi-tier infrastructure with a web server, application server, and a database server. If the number of established connections suddenly increases on all the teirs at ablut the same time, this indicates a bottleneck at the database (since a database slowdown impacts the application server and web server tiers). On the other hand, if the web and application server tiers alone show a connection icrease, it indicates a bottleneck at the application server and not the database. The metrics reported by this test are given below:

Measurement	Description	Measurement Unit	Interpretation
Syn_sent	Indicates the number of connections that are in the process of being established by the host to other server(s)	Number
Syn_received	Indicates the number of connections that are in the process of being established by remote hosts to this host	Number
Established	Indicates the total number of TCP connections on this host for the port number(s) specified in the test arguments	Number	The number of TCP connections established is a key indicator of the server workload. A significant increase in this metric may indicate a slow down in request handling by the application.
Close_wait	Indicates the current number of TCP connections to a port that are in the TCP CLOSE_WAIT state. Connections remain in the close wait state when they are waiting for a process to close the TCP socket.	Number
Fin_wait_1	Indicates the number of TCP connections to a TCP port that are in the FIN_WAIT_1 state. A TCP connection moves to the FIN_WAIT_1 state when a local program closes a socket but the remote server does not respond.	Number	A large number of FIN_WAIT_1 connections can occur if clients are not properly closing down TCP connections. A connection may linger in this state for tens of minutes.
Fin_wait_2	Indicates the number of TCP connections to a TCP port that are in the FIN_WAIT_2 state. A connection moves to the FIN_WAIT_2 state when a remote server shuts down its side of a TCP connection and the local server does not respond to it.	Number
Time_wait	Indicates the number of connections in the TCP TIME_WAIT state. The TIME_WAIT state is a safety mechanism, to catch stray packets for that connection after the connection is "officially" closed. Since the maximum time that such stray packets can exist is 2 times the maximum round-trip time, the TIME_WAIT state lasts twice the round-trip period. Roughly, the duration is 30-120 seconds.	Number
Send_queue	Send-Q is used to show the socket buffer status. This indicates the number of bytes that have been sent to the destination, and are awaiting acknowledgement. (Available only for Solaris, Linux, HP-UX and AIX)	Number	A high value of this measure indicates a poor network response.
Receive_queue	Receive-Q is used to show the socket buffer status. The number indicates the number of bytes received from the source and copied. (Available only for Solaris, Linux, HP-UX and AIX)	Number	A high value of this measure indicates a poor network response.